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![]() [Cover Caption] Other Issues: |
Contents:
Volume 87, Issue 3; July, 2007.
[Index by Author] [Editorial Board]
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= article is free immediately upon publication
(all articles are free one year after publication)
Cover: Current pathogenesis of emphysema caused by cigarette smoke and air pollutants. Chronic exposure to cigarette smoke and environmental air pollutants triggers the activation of inflammatory processes involving dendritic cells (DC), CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes, neutrophils (PMNs), and alveolar macrophages, causing synthesis and release of extracellular matrix proteases. Excessive oxidants originating from cigarette smoke or air pollutants, inflammatory cells, and alveolar septal cells overcome antioxidant defenses, causing amplification of alveolar inflammation, matrix proteolysis, and alveolar apoptosis (ap). Altered cell signaling and excessive oxidative stress lead to alveolar apoptosis, which, with extracellular matrix proteases, promotes lung matrix damage with fragmentation of elastin fibers, abnormal collagen assembly, and loss of alveolar structures. See Yoshida, Toshinori, and Rubin M. Tuder. Physiol Rev 87: 1047–1082, 2007.
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