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Biology of Ageing Laboratories, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
For a long time, superoxide generation by an NADPH oxidase was considered as an oddity only found in professional phagocytes. Over the last years, six homologs of the cytochrome subunit of the phagocyte NADPH oxidase were found: NOX1, NOX3, NOX4, NOX5, DUOX1, and DUOX2. Together with the phagocyte NADPH oxidase itself (NOX2/gp91phox), the homologs are now referred to as the NOX family of NADPH oxidases. These enzymes share the capacity to transport electrons across the plasma membrane and to generate superoxide and other downstream reactive oxygen species (ROS). Activation mechanisms and tissue distribution of the different members of the family are markedly different. The physiological functions of NOX family enzymes include host defense, posttranlational processing of proteins, cellular signaling, regulation of gene expression, and cell differentiation. NOX enzymes also contribute to a wide range of pathological processes. NOX deficiency may lead to immunosuppresion, lack of otoconogenesis, or hypothyroidism. Increased NOX actvity also contributes to a large number or pathologies, in particular cardiovascular diseases and neurodegeneration. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge of the functions of NOX enzymes in physiology and pathology.
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H. Kinoshita, N. Matsuda, H. Kaba, N. Hatakeyama, T. Azma, K. Nakahata, Y. Kuroda, K. Tange, H. Iranami, and Y. Hatano Roles of Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase-Akt and NADPH Oxidase in Adenosine 5'-Triphosphate-Sensitive K+ Channel Function Impaired by High Glucose in the Human Artery Hypertension, September 1, 2008; 52(3): 507 - 513. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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K. Block, A. Eid, K. K. Griendling, D.-Y. Lee, Y. Wittrant, and Y. Gorin Nox4 NAD(P)H Oxidase Mediates Src-dependent Tyrosine Phosphorylation of PDK-1 in Response to Angiotensin II: ROLE IN MESANGIAL CELL HYPERTROPHY AND FIBRONECTIN EXPRESSION J. Biol. Chem., August 29, 2008; 283(35): 24061 - 24076. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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N. Cano-Dominguez, K. Alvarez-Delfin, W. Hansberg, and J. Aguirre NADPH Oxidases NOX-1 and NOX-2 Require the Regulatory Subunit NOR-1 To Control Cell Differentiation and Growth in Neurospora crassa Eukaryot. Cell, August 1, 2008; 7(8): 1352 - 1361. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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H. Yao, S.-R. Yang, I. Edirisinghe, S. Rajendrasozhan, S. Caito, D. Adenuga, M. A. O'Reilly, and I. Rahman Disruption of p21 Attenuates Lung Inflammation Induced by Cigarette Smoke, LPS, and fMLP in Mice Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol., July 1, 2008; 39(1): 7 - 18. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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D. Gianni, B. Bohl, S. A. Courtneidge, and G. M. Bokoch The Involvement of the Tyrosine Kinase c-Src in the Regulation of Reactive Oxygen Species Generation Mediated by NADPH Oxidase-1 Mol. Biol. Cell, July 1, 2008; 19(7): 2984 - 2994. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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W. M. Nauseef Biological Roles for the NOX Family NADPH Oxidases J. Biol. Chem., June 20, 2008; 283(25): 16961 - 16965. [Full Text] [PDF] |
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T. Sato, T. Shimosato, W. G. Alvord, and D. M. Klinman Suppressive Oligodeoxynucleotides Inhibit Silica-Induced Pulmonary Inflammation J. Immunol., June 1, 2008; 180(11): 7648 - 7654. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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T. M. Kauppinen, Y. Higashi, S. W. Suh, C. Escartin, K. Nagasawa, and R. A. Swanson Zinc Triggers Microglial Activation J. Neurosci., May 28, 2008; 28(22): 5827 - 5835. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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K. Fink, A. Duval, A. Martel, A. Soucy-Faulkner, and N. Grandvaux Dual Role of NOX2 in Respiratory Syncytial Virus- and Sendai Virus-Induced Activation of NF-{kappa}B in Airway Epithelial Cells J. Immunol., May 15, 2008; 180(10): 6911 - 6922. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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Y.-Y. Kao, D. Gianni, B. Bohl, R. M. Taylor, and G. M. Bokoch Identification of a Conserved Rac-binding Site on NADPH Oxidases Supports a Direct GTPase Regulatory Mechanism J. Biol. Chem., May 9, 2008; 283(19): 12736 - 12746. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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A. Lemarie, E. Bourdonnay, C. Morzadec, O. Fardel, and L. Vernhet Inorganic Arsenic Activates Reduced NADPH Oxidase in Human Primary Macrophages through a Rho Kinase/p38 Kinase Pathway J. Immunol., May 1, 2008; 180(9): 6010 - 6017. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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M. Medhora, Y. Chen, S. Gruenloh, D. Harland, S. Bodiga, J. Zielonka, D. Gebremedhin, Y. Gao, J. R. Falck, S. Anjaiah, et al. 20-HETE increases superoxide production and activates NAPDH oxidase in pulmonary artery endothelial cells Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, May 1, 2008; 294(5): L902 - L911. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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H. Yao, I. Edirisinghe, S.-R. Yang, S. Rajendrasozhan, A. Kode, S. Caito, D. Adenuga, and I. Rahman Genetic Ablation of NADPH Oxidase Enhances Susceptibility to Cigarette Smoke-Induced Lung Inflammation and Emphysema in Mice Am. J. Pathol., May 1, 2008; 172(5): 1222 - 1237. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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R. Pedrosa, V. A. M. Villar, A. M. Pascua, S. Simao, U. Hopfer, P. A. Jose, and P. Soares-da-Silva H2O2 Stimulation of the Cl-/HCO3- Exchanger by Angiotensin II and Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Distribution in Membrane Microdomains Hypertension, May 1, 2008; 51(5): 1332 - 1338. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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R. Dworakowski, S. Walker, A. Momin, J. Desai, A. El-Gamel, O. Wendler, M. T. Kearney, and A. M. Shah Reduced Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate Oxidase-Derived Superoxide and Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction in Human Heart Failure J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., April 8, 2008; 51(14): 1349 - 1356. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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Y. Ogasawara, H. Kaya, G. Hiraoka, F. Yumoto, S. Kimura, Y. Kadota, H. Hishinuma, E. Senzaki, S. Yamagoe, K. Nagata, et al. Synergistic Activation of the Arabidopsis NADPH Oxidase AtrbohD by Ca2+ and Phosphorylation J. Biol. Chem., April 4, 2008; 283(14): 8885 - 8892. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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Y. Saito, A. Uppal, G. Byfield, S. Budd, and M. E. Hartnett Activated NAD(P)H Oxidase from Supplemental Oxygen Induces Neovascularization Independent of VEGF in Retinopathy of Prematurity Model Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., April 1, 2008; 49(4): 1591 - 1598. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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T. J. Wiles, B. K. Dhakal, D. S. Eto, and M. A. Mulvey Inactivation of Host Akt/Protein Kinase B Signaling by Bacterial Pore-forming Toxins Mol. Biol. Cell, April 1, 2008; 19(4): 1427 - 1438. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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