| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda; and Johns Hopkins Medical Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
Mitochondria play an important role in cell death and cardioprotection. During ischemia, when ATP is progressively depleted, ion pumps cannot function resulting in a rise in calcium (Ca2+), which further accelerates ATP depletion. The rise in Ca2+ during ischemia and reperfusion leads to mitochondrial Ca2+ accumulation, particularly during reperfusion when oxygen is reintroduced. Reintroduction of oxygen allows generation of ATP; however, damage to the electron transport chain results in increased mitochondrial generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Mitochondrial Ca2+ overload and increased ROS can result in opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore, which further compromises cellular energetics. The resultant low ATP and altered ion homeostasis result in rupture of the plasma membrane and cell death. Mitochondria have long been proposed as central players in cell death, since the mitochondria are central to synthesis of both ATP and ROS and since mitochondrial and cytosolic Ca2+ overload are key components of cell death. Many cardioprotective mechanisms converge on the mitochondria to reduce cell death. Reducing Ca2+ overload and reducing ROS have both been reported to reduce ischemic injury. Preconditioning activates a number of signaling pathways that reduce Ca2+ overload and reduce activation of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. The mitochondrial targets of cardioprotective signals are discussed in detail.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  J. Sun and E. Murphy Protein S-Nitrosylation and Cardioprotection Circ. Res., February 5, 2010; 106(2): 285 - 296. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. A. Omar, L. Wang, and A. S. Clanachan Cardioprotection by GSK-3 inhibition: role of enhanced glycogen synthesis and attenuation of calcium overload Cardiovasc Res, January 31, 2010; (2010): cvp421v2 - cvp421. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. R. Powell and A. Divald The ubiquitin-proteasome system in myocardial ischaemia and preconditioning Cardiovasc Res, January 15, 2010; 85(2): 303 - 311. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Hotta, T. Miura, T. Miki, N. Togashi, T. Maeda, S. J. Kim, M. Tanno, T. Yano, A. Kuno, T. Itoh, et al. Short Communication: Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor-Mediated Upregulation of Calcineurin Activity Underlies Impairment of Cardioprotective Signaling in Diabetic Hearts Circ. Res., January 8, 2010; 106(1): 129 - 132. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 F. Arslan, M. B. Smeets, L. A.J. O'Neill, B. Keogh, P. McGuirk, L. Timmers, C. Tersteeg, I. E. Hoefer, P. A. Doevendans, G. Pasterkamp, et al. Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury Is Mediated by Leukocytic Toll-Like Receptor-2 and Reduced by Systemic Administration of a Novel Anti-Toll-Like Receptor-2 Antibody Circulation, January 5, 2010; 121(1): 80 - 90. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. Løfgren, J. A. Povlsen, L. E. Rasmussen, N. B. Støttrup, L. Solskov, P.-M. Krarup, S. B. Kristiansen, H. E. Bøtker, and T. T. Nielsen Amino acid transamination is crucial for ischaemic cardioprotection in normal and preconditioned isolated rat hearts \#8211; focus on L-glutamate Exp Physiol, January 1, 2010; 95(1): 140 - 152. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. Wei and R. S. Vander Heide Ischemic preconditioning and heat shock activate Akt via a focal adhesion kinase-mediated pathway in Langendorff-perfused adult rat hearts Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, January 1, 2010; 298(1): H152 - H157. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
V. Rudolph, T. K. Rudolph, F. J. Schopfer, G. Bonacci, S. R. Woodcock, M. P. Cole, P. R.S. Baker, R. Ramani, and B. A. Freeman Endogenous generation and protective effects of nitro-fatty acids in a murine model of focal cardiac ischaemia and reperfusion Cardiovasc Res, January 1, 2010; 85(1): 155 - 166. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Qian, X. Ren, X. Wang, P. Zhang, W. K. Jones, J. D. Molkentin, G.-C. Fan, and E. G. Kranias Blockade of Hsp20 Phosphorylation Exacerbates Cardiac Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Suppressed Autophagy and Increased Cell Death Circ. Res., December 4, 2009; 105(12): 1223 - 1231. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M.A. H. Talukder, J. L. Zweier, and M. Periasamy Targeting calcium transport in ischaemic heart disease Cardiovasc Res, December 1, 2009; 84(3): 345 - 352. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Z. Lu, I. Scott, B. R. Webster, and M. N. Sack The Emerging Characterization of Lysine Residue Deacetylation on the Modulation of Mitochondrial Function and Cardiovascular Biology Circ. Res., October 23, 2009; 105(9): 830 - 841. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 W. A. Van Voorhies Metabolic function in Drosophila melanogaster in response to hypoxia and pure oxygen J. Exp. Biol., October 1, 2009; 212(19): 3132 - 3141. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. A. Vessey, L. Li, N. Honbo, and J. S. Karliner Sphingosine 1-phosphate is an important endogenous cardioprotectant released by ischemic pre- and postconditioning Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, October 1, 2009; 297(4): H1429 - H1435. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. M. Osipov, C. Bianchi, J. Feng, R. T. Clements, Y. Liu, M. P. Robich, H. P. Glazer, N. R. Sodha, and F. W. Sellke Effect of Hypercholesterolemia on Myocardial Necrosis and Apoptosis in the Setting of Ischemia-Reperfusion Circulation, September 15, 2009; 120(11_suppl_1): S22 - S30. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. Boengler, R. Schulz, and G. Heusch Loss of cardioprotection with ageing Cardiovasc Res, July 15, 2009; 83(2): 247 - 261. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. Sicard, S. Jacquet, K. S. Kobayashi, R. A. Flavell, and M. S. Marber Pharmacological postconditioning effect of muramyl dipeptide is mediated through RIP2 and TAK1 Cardiovasc Res, July 15, 2009; 83(2): 277 - 284. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Garcia-Dorado, M. Ruiz-Meana, and H. M. Piper Lethal reperfusion injury in acute myocardial infarction: facts and unresolved issues Cardiovasc Res, July 15, 2009; 83(2): 165 - 168. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. Raivio, R. Lassila, and J. Petaja Thrombin in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion during cardiac surgery. Ann. Thorac. Surg., July 1, 2009; 88(1): 318 - 325. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. A. Goodman, D. Horvath, C. Stathis, T. Mori, K. Croft, R. M. Murphy, and A. Hayes Taurine supplementation increases skeletal muscle force production and protects muscle function during and after high-frequency in vitro stimulation J Appl Physiol, July 1, 2009; 107(1): 144 - 154. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. Kamota, T.-S. Li, N. Morikage, M. Murakami, M. Ohshima, M. Kubo, T. Kobayashi, A. Mikamo, Y. Ikeda, M. Matsuzaki, et al. Ischemic pre-conditioning enhances the mobilization and recruitment of bone marrow stem cells to protect against ischemia/reperfusion injury in the late phase. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., May 12, 2009; 53(19): 1814 - 1822. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. Mihov, N. Bogdanov, B. Grenacher, M. Gassmann, G. Zund, A. Bogdanova, and R. Tavakoli Erythropoietin protects from reperfusion-induced myocardial injury by enhancing coronary endothelial nitric oxide production Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg., May 1, 2009; 35(5): 839 - 846. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Lancel, S. M. Hassoun, R. Favory, B. Decoster, R. Motterlini, and R. Neviere Carbon Monoxide Rescues Mice from Lethal Sepsis by Supporting Mitochondrial Energetic Metabolism and Activating Mitochondrial Biogenesis J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., May 1, 2009; 329(2): 641 - 648. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. S. Karliner Sphingosine kinase regulation and cardioprotection Cardiovasc Res, May 1, 2009; 82(2): 184 - 192. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. Miyamoto, M. Rubio, and M. A. Sussman Nuclear and mitochondrial signalling Akts in cardiomyocytes Cardiovasc Res, May 1, 2009; 82(2): 272 - 285. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. Ping Getting to the Heart of Proteomics N. Engl. J. Med., January 29, 2009; 360(5): 532 - 534. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Nanduri, N. Wang, G. Yuan, S. A. Khan, D. Souvannakitti, Y.-J. Peng, G. K. Kumar, J. A. Garcia, and N. R. Prabhakar Intermittent hypoxia degrades HIF-2{alpha} via calpains resulting in oxidative stress: Implications for recurrent apnea-induced morbidities PNAS, January 27, 2009; 106(4): 1199 - 1204. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. D. Garciarena, C. I. Caldiz, M. V. Correa, G. R. Schinella, S. M. Mosca, G. E. Chiappe de Cingolani, H. E. Cingolani, and I. L. Ennis Na+/H+ exchanger-1 inhibitors decrease myocardial superoxide production via direct mitochondrial action J Appl Physiol, December 1, 2008; 105(6): 1706 - 1713. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. Heusch, K. Boengler, and R. Schulz Cardioprotection: Nitric Oxide, Protein Kinases, and Mitochondria Circulation, November 4, 2008; 118(19): 1915 - 1919. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Tanno and T. Miura Adenine nucleotide translocator, a mitochondrial carrier protein, and fate of cardiomyocytes after ischaemia/reperfusion Cardiovasc Res, October 1, 2008; 80(1): 1 - 2. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Murphy, R. Wong, and C. Steenbergen Signalosomes: delivering cardioprotective signals from GPCRs to mitochondria Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, September 1, 2008; 295(3): H920 - H922. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. Prunier, Y. Kawase, D. Gianni, C. Scapin, S. B. Danik, P. T. Ellinor, R. J. Hajjar, and F. del Monte Prevention of Ventricular Arrhythmias With Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Ca2+ ATPase Pump Overexpression in a Porcine Model of Ischemia Reperfusion Circulation, August 5, 2008; 118(6): 614 - 624. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| Visit Other APS Journals Online |
