|
|
||||||||
Autonomic Neuroscience Centre, Royal Free and University College Medical School, London, United Kingdom
This review is focused on purinergic neurotransmission, i.e., ATP released from nerves as a transmitter or cotransmitter to act as an extracellular signaling molecule on both pre- and postjunctional membranes at neuroeffector junctions and synapses, as well as acting as a trophic factor during development and regeneration. Emphasis is placed on the physiology and pathophysiology of ATP, but extracellular roles of its breakdown product, adenosine, are also considered because of their intimate interactions. The early history of the involvement of ATP in autonomic and skeletal neuromuscular transmission and in activities in the central nervous system and ganglia is reviewed. Brief background information is given about the identification of receptor subtypes for purines and pyrimidines and about ATP storage, release, and ectoenzymatic breakdown. Evidence that ATP is a cotransmitter in most, if not all, peripheral and central neurons is presented, as well as full accounts of neurotransmission and neuromodulation in autonomic and sensory ganglia and in the brain and spinal cord. There is coverage of neuron-glia interactions and of purinergic neuroeffector transmission to nonmuscular cells. To establish the primitive and widespread nature of purinergic neurotransmission, both the ontogeny and phylogeny of purinergic signaling are considered. Finally, the pathophysiology of purinergic neurotransmission in both peripheral and central nervous systems is reviewed, and speculations are made about future developments.
This article has been cited by other articles:
![]() |
J. M. McClure, N. F. Rossi, H. Chen, D. S. O'Leary, and T. J. Scislo Vasopressin is a major vasoconstrictor involved in hindlimb vascular responses to stimulation of adenosine A1 receptors in the nucleus of the solitary tract Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, November 1, 2009; 297(5): H1661 - H1672. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
P. T. Ohara, J.-P. Vit, A. Bhargava, M. Romero, C. Sundberg, A. C. Charles, and L. Jasmin Gliopathic Pain: When Satellite Glial Cells Go Bad Neuroscientist, October 1, 2009; 15(5): 450 - 463. [Abstract] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
S. Amadio, C. Montilli, R. Magliozzi, G. Bernardi, R. Reynolds, and C. Volonte P2Y12 Receptor Protein in Cortical Gray Matter Lesions in Multiple Sclerosis Cereb Cortex, September 26, 2009; (2009) bhp193v1. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
I. Milenkovic, I. Rinke, M. Witte, B. Dietz, and R. Rubsamen P2 Receptor-Mediated Signaling in Spherical Bushy Cells of the Mammalian Cochlear Nucleus J Neurophysiol, September 1, 2009; 102(3): 1821 - 1833. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
J. A. Lang, L. A. Holowatz, and W. L. Kenney Local tetrahydrobiopterin administration augments cutaneous vasoconstriction in aged humans J. Physiol., August 1, 2009; 587(15): 3967 - 3974. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
E. Santini, S. Cuccato, S. Madec, D. Chimenti, E. Ferrannini, and A. Solini Extracellular Adenosine 5'-Triphosphate Modulates Insulin Secretion via Functionally Active Purinergic Receptors of X and Y Subtype Endocrinology, June 1, 2009; 150(6): 2596 - 2602. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
Y. Zhang, R. D. Nelson, N. G. Carlson, C. D. Kamerath, D. E. Kohan, and B. K. Kishore Potential role of purinergic signaling in lithium-induced nephrogenic diabetes insipidus Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, May 1, 2009; 296(5): F1194 - F1201. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
T. Nakamoto, D. A. Brown, M. A. Catalan, M. Gonzalez-Begne, V. G. Romanenko, and J. E. Melvin Purinergic P2X7 Receptors Mediate ATP-induced Saliva Secretion by the Mouse Submandibular Gland J. Biol. Chem., February 20, 2009; 284(8): 4815 - 4822. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
S. Neshat, M. deVries, A. R. Barajas-Espinosa, L. Skeith, S. P. Chisholm, and A. E. Lomax Loss of purinergic vascular regulation in the colon during colitis is associated with upregulation of CD39 Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol, February 1, 2009; 296(2): G399 - G405. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
S. Armstrong, A. Pereverzev, S. J. Dixon, and S. M. Sims Activation of P2X7 receptors causes isoform-specific translocation of protein kinase C in osteoclasts J. Cell Sci., January 1, 2009; 122(1): 136 - 144. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
G. Burnstock Purinergic cotransmission Exp Physiol, January 1, 2009; 94(1): 20 - 24. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
D. Accorsi-Mendonca, L. G. H. Bonagamba, R. M. Leao, and B. H. Machado Are L-glutamate and ATP cotransmitters of the peripheral chemoreflex in the rat nucleus tractus solitarius? Exp Physiol, January 1, 2009; 94(1): 38 - 45. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
A. Norambuena, M. I. Poblete, M. V. Donoso, C. S. Espinoza, A. Gonzalez, and J. P. Huidobro-Toro P2Y1 Receptor Activation Elicits Its Partition out of Membrane Rafts and Its Rapid Internalization from Human Blood Vessels: Implications for Receptor Signaling Mol. Pharmacol., December 1, 2008; 74(6): 1666 - 1677. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
M. Diaz-Hernandez, A. del Puerto, J. I. Diaz-Hernandez, M. Diez-Zaera, J. J. Lucas, J. J. Garrido, and M. T. Miras-Portugal Inhibition of the ATP-gated P2X7 receptor promotes axonal growth and branching in cultured hippocampal neurons J. Cell Sci., November 15, 2008; 121(22): 3717 - 3728. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
E. R. Block and J. K. Klarlund Wounding Sheets of Epithelial Cells Activates the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor through Distinct Short- and Long-Range Mechanisms Mol. Biol. Cell, November 1, 2008; 19(11): 4909 - 4917. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
R. K. Tittle and R. I. Hume Opposite Effects of Zinc on Human and Rat P2X2 Receptors J. Neurosci., October 29, 2008; 28(44): 11131 - 11140. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
L. Ulmann, J. P. Hatcher, J. P. Hughes, S. Chaumont, P. J. Green, F. Conquet, G. N. Buell, A. J. Reeve, I. P. Chessell, and F. Rassendren Up-Regulation of P2X4 Receptors in Spinal Microglia after Peripheral Nerve Injury Mediates BDNF Release and Neuropathic Pain J. Neurosci., October 29, 2008; 28(44): 11263 - 11268. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
N. Panupinthu, J. T. Rogers, L. Zhao, L. P. Solano-Flores, F. Possmayer, S. M. Sims, and S. J. Dixon P2X7 receptors on osteoblasts couple to production of lysophosphatidic acid: a signaling axis promoting osteogenesis J. Cell Biol., October 20, 2008; 181(5): 859 - 871. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
S. Chaumont, V. Compan, E. Toulme, E. Richler, G. D. Housley, F. Rassendren, and B. S. Khakh Regulation of P2X2 Receptors by the Neuronal Calcium Sensor VILIP1 Sci. Signal., October 14, 2008; 1(41): ra8 - ra8. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
L. Kapas, S. G. Bohnet, T. R. Traynor, J. A. Majde, E. Szentirmai, P. Magrath, P. Taishi, and J. M. Krueger Spontaneous and influenza virus-induced sleep are altered in TNF-{alpha} double-receptor deficient mice J Appl Physiol, October 1, 2008; 105(4): 1187 - 1198. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
M. T. Young, J. A. Fisher, S. J. Fountain, R. C. Ford, R. A. North, and B. S. Khakh Molecular Shape, Architecture, and Size of P2X4 Receptors Determined Using Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer and Electron Microscopy J. Biol. Chem., September 19, 2008; 283(38): 26241 - 26251. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
G. Burnstock Purinergic receptors as future targets for treatment of functional GI disorders Gut, September 1, 2008; 57(9): 1193 - 1194. [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
G-Y Xu, M Shenoy, J H Winston, S Mittal, and P J Pasricha P2X receptor-mediated visceral hyperalgesia in a rat model of chronic visceral hypersensitivity Gut, September 1, 2008; 57(9): 1230 - 1237. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
L.-P. Bernier, A. R. Ase, X. Tong, E. Hamel, D. Blais, Q. Zhao, D. E. Logothetis, and P. Seguela Direct Modulation of P2X1 Receptor-Channels by the Lipid Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-Bisphosphate Mol. Pharmacol., September 1, 2008; 74(3): 785 - 792. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
S. Chaumont and B. S. Khakh Patch-clamp coordinated spectroscopy shows P2X2 receptor permeability dynamics require cytosolic domain rearrangements but not Panx-1 channels PNAS, August 19, 2008; 105(33): 12063 - 12068. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
A. V. Gourine, N. Dale, A. Korsak, E. Llaudet, F. Tian, R. Huckstepp, and K. M. Spyer Release of ATP and glutamate in the nucleus tractus solitarii mediate pulmonary stretch receptor (Breuer-Hering) reflex pathway J. Physiol., August 15, 2008; 586(16): 3963 - 3978. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
G. Burnstock Unresolved issues and controversies in purinergic signalling J. Physiol., July 15, 2008; 586(14): 3307 - 3312. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
M. Doengi, J. W. Deitmer, and C. Lohr New evidence for purinergic signaling in the olfactory bulb: A2A and P2Y1 receptors mediate intracellular calcium release in astrocytes FASEB J, July 1, 2008; 22(7): 2368 - 2378. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
A. E. Blum, S. M. Joseph, R. J. Przybylski, and G. R. Dubyak Rho-family GTPases modulate Ca2+-dependent ATP release from astrocytes Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, July 1, 2008; 295(1): C231 - C241. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
S. Roger, P. Pelegrin, and A. Surprenant Facilitation of P2X7 Receptor Currents and Membrane Blebbing via Constitutive and Dynamic Calmodulin Binding J. Neurosci., June 18, 2008; 28(25): 6393 - 6401. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
M. Zebisch and N. Strater Structural insight into signal conversion and inactivation by NTPDase2 in purinergic signaling PNAS, May 13, 2008; 105(19): 6882 - 6887. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
E. Tuduri, E. Filiputti, E. M. Carneiro, and I. Quesada Inhibition of Ca2+ signaling and glucagon secretion in mouse pancreatic {alpha}-cells by extracellular ATP and purinergic receptors Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, May 1, 2008; 294(5): E952 - E960. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
K. Sawada, N. Echigo, N. Juge, T. Miyaji, M. Otsuka, H. Omote, A. Yamamoto, and Y. Moriyama From the Cover: Identification of a vesicular nucleotide transporter PNAS, April 15, 2008; 105(15): 5683 - 5686. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
B. McDonnell, R. Hamilton, M. Fong, S. M. Ward, and K. D. Keef Functional evidence for purinergic inhibitory neuromuscular transmission in the mouse internal anal sphincter Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol, April 1, 2008; 294(4): G1041 - G1051. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
K. Kobayashi, H. Yamanaka, T. Fukuoka, Y. Dai, K. Obata, and K. Noguchi P2Y12 Receptor Upregulation in Activated Microglia Is a Gateway of p38 Signaling and Neuropathic Pain J. Neurosci., March 12, 2008; 28(11): 2892 - 2902. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
A. R. Lorier, J. Lipski, G. D. Housley, J. J. Greer, and G. D. Funk ATP sensitivity of preBotzinger complex neurones in neonatal rat in vitro: mechanism underlying a P2 receptor-mediated increase in inspiratory frequency J. Physiol., March 1, 2008; 586(5): 1429 - 1446. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
D. Donnelly-Roberts, S. McGaraughty, C.-C. Shieh, P. Honore, and M. F. Jarvis Painful Purinergic Receptors J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., February 1, 2008; 324(2): 409 - 415. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
V. Vallon P2 receptors in the regulation of renal transport mechanisms Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, January 1, 2008; 294(1): F10 - F27. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
A. V. Gourine, N. Dale, E. Llaudet, D. M. Poputnikov, K. M. Spyer, and V. N. Gourine Release of ATP in the central nervous system during systemic inflammation: real-time measurement in the hypothalamus of conscious rabbits J. Physiol., November 15, 2007; 585(1): 305 - 316. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
T. Rieg, R. A. Bundey, Y. Chen, G. Deschenes, W. Junger, P. A. Insel, and V. Vallon Mice lacking P2Y2 receptors have salt-resistant hypertension and facilitated renal Na+ and water reabsorption FASEB J, November 1, 2007; 21(13): 3717 - 3726. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
L. Birder, F. A. Kullmann, H. Lee, S. Barrick, W. de Groat, A. Kanai, and M. Caterina Activation of Urothelial Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 4 by 4{alpha}-Phorbol 12,13-Didecanoate Contributes to Altered Bladder Reflexes in the Rat J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., October 1, 2007; 323(1): 227 - 235. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
R. Corriden, P. A. Insel, and W. G. Junger A novel method using fluorescence microscopy for real-time assessment of ATP release from individual cells Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, October 1, 2007; 293(4): C1420 - C1425. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
U. Schaefer, T. Machida, M. J. Broekman, A. J. Marcus, and R. Levi Targeted Deletion of Ectonucleoside Triphosphate Diphosphohydrolase 1/CD39 Leads to Desensitization of Pre- and Postsynaptic Purinergic P2 Receptors J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., September 1, 2007; 322(3): 1269 - 1277. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
I. R. Orriss, J. C. Utting, A. Brandao-Burch, K. Colston, B. R. Grubb, G. Burnstock, and T. R. Arnett Extracellular Nucleotides Block Bone Mineralization in Vitro: Evidence for Dual Inhibitory Mechanisms Involving Both P2Y2 Receptors and Pyrophosphate Endocrinology, September 1, 2007; 148(9): 4208 - 4216. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
A. E. Lomax, M. O'Reilly, S. Neshat, and S. J. Vanner Sympathetic vasoconstrictor regulation of mouse colonic submucosal arterioles is altered in experimental colitis J. Physiol., September 1, 2007; 583(2): 719 - 730. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
L. Moffatt and R. I. Hume Responses of Rat P2X2 Receptors to Ultrashort Pulses of ATP Provide Insights into ATP Binding and Channel Gating J. Gen. Physiol., July 30, 2007; 130(2): 183 - 201. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
H.-L. Xu and D. A. Pelligrino ATP release and hydrolysis contribute to rat pial arteriolar dilatation elicited by neuronal activation Exp Physiol, July 1, 2007; 92(4): 647 - 651. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| Visit Other APS Journals Online |