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Physiological Reviews, Vol. 83, No. 2, April 2003, pp. 377-415; 10.1152/physrev.00025.2002.
Copyright ©2003 by the American Physiological Society
Departments of Anesthesiology, Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
Strange, Kevin
From Genes to Integrative Physiology: Ion Channel and
Transporter Biology in Caenorhabditis elegans. Physiol. Rev. 83: 377-415, 2003.
The
stunning progress in molecular biology that has occurred over the last
50 years drove a powerful reductionist approach to the study of
physiology. That same progress now forms the foundation for the next
revolution in physiological research. This revolution will be focused
on integrative physiology, which seeks to understand multicomponent
processes and the underlying pathways of information flow from an
organism's "parts" to increasingly complex levels of organization.
Genetically tractable and genomically defined nonmammalian model
organisms such as the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans
provide powerful experimental advantages for elucidating gene function
and the molecular workings of complex systems. This review has two main
goals. The first goal is to describe the experimental utility of
C. elegans for investigating basic physiological problems. A
detailed overview of C. elegans biology and the experimental tools, resources, and strategies available for its study is provided. The second goal of this review is to describe how forward and reverse
genetic approaches and direct behavioral and physiological measurements
in C. elegans have generated novel insights into the
integrative physiology of ion channels and transporters. Where appropriate, I describe how insights from C. elegans have
provided new understanding of the physiology of membrane transport
processes in mammals.
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