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Physiological Reviews, Vol. 83, No. 1, January 2003, pp. 253-307; 10.1152/physrev.00020.2002.
Copyright ©2003 by the American Physiological Society
Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg; Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology I, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg; and Medical Policlinic, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
Pavenstädt, Hermann,
Wilhelm Kriz, and
Matthias Kretzler.
Cell Biology of the Glomerular Podocyte. Physiol. Rev. 83: 253-307, 2003.
Glomerular
podocytes are highly specialized cells with a complex cytoarchitecture.
Their most prominent features are interdigitated foot processes with
filtration slits in between. These are bridged by the slit diaphragm,
which plays a major role in establishing the selective permeability of
the glomerular filtration barrier. Injury to podocytes leads to
proteinuria, a hallmark of most glomerular diseases. New technical
approaches have led to a considerable increase in our understanding of
podocyte biology including protein inventory, composition and
arrangement of the cytoskeleton, receptor equipment, and signaling
pathways involved in the control of ultrafiltration. Moreover,
disturbances of podocyte architecture resulting in the retraction of
foot processes and proteinuria appear to be a common theme in the
progression of acquired glomerular disease. In hereditary nephrotic
syndromes identified over the last 2 years, all mutated gene products
were localized in podocytes. This review integrates our recent
physiological and molecular understanding of the role of podocytes
during the maintenance and failure of the glomerular filtration barrier.
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K. A. Griffin and A. K. Bidani Progression of Renal Disease: Renoprotective Specificity of Renin-Angiotensin System Blockade Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., September 1, 2006; 1(5): 1054 - 1065. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. Ichihara, Y. Kaneshiro, T. Takemitsu, M. Sakoda, T. Nakagawa, A. Nishiyama, H. Kawachi, F. Shimizu, and T. Inagami Contribution of Nonproteolytically Activated Prorenin in Glomeruli to Hypertensive Renal Damage J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., September 1, 2006; 17(9): 2495 - 2503. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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C. Dai, D. B. Stolz, S. I. Bastacky, R. St.-Arnaud, C. Wu, S. Dedhar, and Y. Liu Essential Role of Integrin-Linked Kinase in Podocyte Biology: Bridging the Integrin and Slit Diaphragm Signaling J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., August 1, 2006; 17(8): 2164 - 2175. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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F. Guan, G. Villegas, J. Teichman, P. Mundel, and A. Tufro Autocrine VEGF-A system in podocytes regulates podocin and its interaction with CD2AP Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, August 1, 2006; 291(2): F422 - F428. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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V. H. Rao, D. T. Meehan, D. Delimont, M. Nakajima, T. Wada, M. A. Gratton, and D. Cosgrove Role for Macrophage Metalloelastase in Glomerular Basement Membrane Damage Associated with Alport Syndrome Am. J. Pathol., July 1, 2006; 169(1): 32 - 46. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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Z. Zheng, P. Pavlidis, S. Chua, V. D. D'Agati, and A. G. Gharavi An Ancestral Haplotype Defines Susceptibility to Doxorubicin Nephropathy in the Laboratory Mouse J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., July 1, 2006; 17(7): 1796 - 1800. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. Nagase, S. Shibata, S. Yoshida, T. Nagase, T. Gotoda, and T. Fujita Podocyte Injury Underlies the Glomerulopathy of Dahl Salt-Hypertensive Rats and Is Reversed by Aldosterone Blocker Hypertension, June 1, 2006; 47(6): 1084 - 1093. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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P. K. Datta, M. Sharma, P. Duann, and E. A. Lianos Effect of Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition on Proteinuria in Glomerular Immune Injury. Experimental Biology and Medicine, May 1, 2006; 231(5): 576 - 584. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 M. P. Rastaldi, S. Armelloni, S. Berra, N. Calvaresi, A. Corbelli, L. A. Giardino, M. Li, G. Q. Wang, A. Fornasieri, A. Villa, et al. Glomerular podocytes contain neuron-like functional synaptic vesicles FASEB J, May 1, 2006; 20(7): 976 - 978. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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J. Chen, S. Boyle, M. Zhao, W. Su, K. Takahashi, L. Davis, M. DeCaestecker, T. Takahashi, M. D. Breyer, and C.-M. Hao Differential Expression of the Intermediate Filament Protein Nestin during Renal Development and Its Localization in Adult Podocytes J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., May 1, 2006; 17(5): 1283 - 1291. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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C. D. Cohen, A. Klingenhoff, A. Boucherot, A. Nitsche, A. Henger, B. Brunner, H. Schmid, M. Merkle, M. A. Saleem, K.-P. Koller, et al. Comparative promoter analysis allows de novo identification of specialized cell junction-associated proteins PNAS, April 11, 2006; 103(15): 5682 - 5687. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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D. Macconi, M. Abbate, M. Morigi, S. Angioletti, M. Mister, S. Buelli, M. Bonomelli, P. Mundel, K. Endlich, A. Remuzzi, et al. Permselective Dysfunction of Podocyte-Podocyte Contact upon Angiotensin II Unravels the Molecular Target for Renoprotective Intervention Am. J. Pathol., April 1, 2006; 168(4): 1073 - 1085. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 P. Duann, P. K. Datta, C. Pan, J. B. Blumberg, M. Sharma, and E. A. Lianos Superoxide Dismutase Mimetic Preserves the Glomerular Capillary Permeability Barrier to Protein J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., March 1, 2006; 316(3): 1249 - 1254. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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S. Shibata, M. Nagase, and T. Fujita Fluvastatin Ameliorates Podocyte Injury in Proteinuric Rats via Modulation of Excessive Rho Signaling J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., March 1, 2006; 17(3): 754 - 764. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. C. Liebau, D. Lang, J. Bohm, N. Endlich, M. J. Bek, I. Witherden, P. W. Mathieson, M. A. Saleem, H. Pavenstadt, and K.-G. Fischer Functional expression of the renin-angiotensin system in human podocytes Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, March 1, 2006; 290(3): F710 - F719. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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N.-H. Kim, H. Rincon-Choles, B. Bhandari, G. G. Choudhury, H. E. Abboud, and Y. Gorin Redox dependence of glomerular epithelial cell hypertrophy in response to glucose Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, March 1, 2006; 290(3): F741 - F751. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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G. D. Han, K. Suzuki, H. Koike, K. Suzuki, H. Yoneyama, S. Narumi, F. Shimizu, and H. Kawachi IFN-Inducible Protein-10 Plays a Pivotal Role in Maintaining Slit-Diaphragm Function by Regulating Podocyte Cell-Cycle Balance J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., February 1, 2006; 17(2): 442 - 453. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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Y. Harita, N. Miyauchi, T. Karasawa, K. Suzuki, G. D. Han, H. Koike, T. Igarashi, F. Shimizu, and H. Kawachi Altered expression of junctional adhesion molecule 4 in injured podocytes Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, February 1, 2006; 290(2): F335 - F344. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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K. Susztak, A. C. Raff, M. Schiffer, and E. P. Bottinger Glucose-Induced Reactive Oxygen Species Cause Apoptosis of Podocytes and Podocyte Depletion at the Onset of Diabetic Nephropathy Diabetes, January 1, 2006; 55(1): 225 - 233. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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D. B. N. Lee, E. Huang, and H. J. Ward Tight junction biology and kidney dysfunction Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, January 1, 2006; 290(1): F20 - F34. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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D. Macconi, M. Bonomelli, A. Benigni, T. Plati, F. Sangalli, L. Longaretti, S. Conti, H. Kawachi, P. Hill, G. Remuzzi, et al. Pathophysiologic Implications of Reduced Podocyte Number in a Rat Model of Progressive Glomerular Injury Am. J. Pathol., January 1, 2006; 168(1): 42 - 54. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 F. Desmots, H. R. Russell, Y. Lee, K. Boyd, and P. J. McKinnon The Reaper-Binding Protein Scythe Modulates Apoptosis and Proliferation during Mammalian Development Mol. Cell. Biol., December 1, 2005; 25(23): 10329 - 10337. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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K. Bijian, T. Takano, J. Papillon, L. Le Berre, J.-L. Michaud, C. R. J. Kennedy, and A. V. Cybulsky Actin cytoskeleton regulates extracellular matrix-dependent survival signals in glomerular epithelial cells Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, December 1, 2005; 289(6): F1313 - F1323. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 W. Yu, R. M. Sandoval, and B. A. Molitoris Quantitative intravital microscopy using a Generalized Polarity concept for kidney studies Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, November 1, 2005; 289(5): C1197 - C1208. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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B. L. Wharram, M. Goyal, J. E. Wiggins, S. K. Sanden, S. Hussain, W. E. Filipiak, T. L. Saunders, R. C. Dysko, K. Kohno, L. B. Holzman, et al. Podocyte Depletion Causes Glomerulosclerosis: Diphtheria Toxin-Induced Podocyte Depletion in Rats Expressing Human Diphtheria Toxin Receptor Transgene J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., October 1, 2005; 16(10): 2941 - 2952. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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J. E. Wiggins, M. Goyal, S. K. Sanden, B. L. Wharram, K. A. Shedden, D. E. Misek, R. D. Kuick, and R. C. Wiggins Podocyte Hypertrophy, "Adaptation," and "Decompensation" Associated with Glomerular Enlargement and Glomerulosclerosis in the Aging Rat: Prevention by Calorie Restriction J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., October 1, 2005; 16(10): 2953 - 2966. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. Kretzler Role of Podocytes in Focal Sclerosis: Defining the Point of No Return J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., October 1, 2005; 16(10): 2830 - 2832. [Full Text] [PDF]
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J. Ziembicki, R. Tandon, J. R. Schelling, J. R. Sedor, R. T. Miller, and C. Huang Mechanical force-activated phospholipase D is mediated by G{alpha}12/13-Rho and calmodulin-dependent kinase in renal epithelial cells Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, October 1, 2005; 289(4): F826 - F834. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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R. V. Durvasula and S. J. Shankland Mechanical strain increases SPARC levels in podocytes: implications for glomerulosclerosis Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, September 1, 2005; 289(3): F577 - F584. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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