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Physiological Reviews, Vol. 80, No. 4, October 2000, pp. 1633-1667
Copyright ©2000 by the American Physiological Society
í
Pácha
Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
Pácha, Jií
Development of Intestinal Transport Function in
Mammals. Physiol. Rev. 80: 1633-1667, 2000.
Considerable progress has been made over the last decade in the
understanding of mechanisms responsible for the ontogenetic changes of
mammalian intestine. This review presents the current knowledge about
the development of intestinal transport function in the context of
intestinal mucosa ontogeny. The review predominantly focuses on signals
that trigger and/or modulate the developmental changes of intestinal
transport. After an overview of the proliferation and differentiation
of intestinal mucosa, data about the bidirectional traffic (absorption
and secretion) across the developing intestinal epithelium are
presented. The largest part of the review is devoted to the description
of developmental patterns concerning the absorption of nutrients, ions,
water, vitamins, trace elements, and milk-borne biologically active
substances. Furthermore, the review examines the development of
intestinal secretion that has a variety of functions including
maintenance of the fluidity of the intestinal content, lubrication of
mucosal surface, and mucosal protection. The age-dependent shifts
of absorption and secretion are the subject of integrated regulatory
mechanisms, and hence, the input of hormonal, nervous, immune, and
dietary signals is reviewed. Finally, the utilization of energy for
transport processes in the developing intestine is highlighted, and the
interactions between various sources of energy are discussed. The
review ends with suggestions concerning possible directions of future research.
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