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Physiological Reviews, Vol. 80, No. 4, October 2000, pp. 1267-1290
Copyright ©2000 by the American Physiological Society
Brain Research Institute, University of Zurich and Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich; and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
Bandtlow, Christine E. and
Dieter R. Zimmermann.
Proteoglycans in the Developing Brain: New Conceptual
Insights for Old Proteins. Physiol. Rev. 80: 1267-1290, 2000.
Proteoglycans
are a heterogeneous class of proteins bearing sulfated
glycosaminoglycans. Some of the proteoglycans have distinct core
protein structures, and others display similarities and thus may be
grouped into families such as the syndecans, the glypicans, or the
hyalectans (or lecticans). Proteoglycans can be found in almost all
tissues being present in the extracellular matrix, on cellular
surfaces, or in intracellular granules. In recent years, brain
proteoglycans have attracted growing interest due to their highly
regulated spatiotemporal expression during nervous system development
and maturation. There is increasing evidence that different
proteoglycans act as regulators of cell migration, axonal pathfinding,
synaptogenesis, and structural plasticity. This review summarizes the
most recent data on structures and functions of brain proteoglycans and
focuses on new physiological concepts for their potential roles in the
developing central nervous system.
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