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Physiological Reviews, Vol. 79, No. 3, July 1999, pp. 917-1017
Copyright ©1999 by the American Physiological Society
Centre for Experimental Surgery and Anesthesiology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
Carmeliet, Edward
Cardiac Ionic Currents and Acute Ischemia: From Channels to
Arrhythmias. Physiol. Rev. 79: 917-1017, 1999.
The aim of this review is to provide basic information on the
electrophysiological changes during acute ischemia and reperfusion from
the level of ion channels up to the level of multicellular preparations. After an introduction, section II provides a
general description of the ion channels and electrogenic transporters present in the heart, more specifically in the plasma membrane, in
intracellular organelles of the sarcoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria, and in the gap junctions. The description is restricted to activation and permeation characterisitics, while modulation is
incorporated in section III. This section (ischemic
syndromes) describes the biochemical (lipids, radicals, hormones,
neurotransmitters, metabolites) and ion concentration changes, the
mechanisms involved, and the effect on channels and cells. Section
IV (electrical changes and arrhythmias) is subdivided in
two parts, with first a description of the electrical changes at the
cellular and multicellular level, followed by an analysis of
arrhythmias during ischemia and reperfusion. The last short section
suggests possible developments in the study of ischemia-related phenomena.
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