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Physiol. Rev. 79: 855-916, 1999;
0031-9333/99 $15.00
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Physiological Reviews, Vol. 79, No. 3, July 1999, pp. 855-916
Copyright ©1999 by the American Physiological Society

Central Control of the Cardiovascular and Respiratory Systems and Their Interactions in Vertebrates

Edwin W. Taylor, David Jordan, and John H. Coote

School of Biological Sciences and Department of Physiology, The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham; and Department of Physiology, Royal Free and University College Medical School, Hampstead, London, United Kingdom

Taylor, Edwin W., David Jordan, and John H. Coote. Central Control of the Cardiovascular and Respiratory Systems and Their Interactions in Vertebrates. Physiol. Rev. 79: 855-916, 1999.This review explores the fundamental neuranatomical and functional bases for integration of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems in vertebrates and traces their evolution through the vertebrate groups, from primarily water-breathing fish and larval amphibians to facultative air-breathers such as lungfish and some adult amphibians and finally obligate air-breathers among the reptiles, birds, and mammals. A comparative account of respiratory rhythm generation leads to consideration of the changing roles in cardiorespiratory integration for central and peripheral chemoreceptors and mechanoreceptors and their central projections. We review evidence of a developing role in the control of cardiorespiratory interactions for the partial relocation from the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus into the nucleus ambiguus of vagal preganglionic neurons, and in particular those innervating the heart, and for the existence of a functional topography of specific groups of sympathetic preganglionic neurons in the spinal cord. Finally, we consider the mechanisms generating temporal modulation of heart rate, vasomotor tone, and control of the airways in mammals; cardiorespiratory synchrony in fish; and integration of the cardiorespiratory system during intermittent breathing in amphibians, reptiles, and diving birds. Concluding comments suggest areas for further productive research.




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