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Physiological Reviews, Vol. 79, No. 2, April 1999, pp. 387-423
Copyright ©1999 by the American Physiological Society
Department of Medical Physiology, Microcirculation Research Institute, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas; and Microvascular Biology Group, Department of Human Biology and Movement Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
Davis, Michael J. and
Michael A. Hill.
The vascular myogenic response refers to the acute
reaction of a blood vessel to a change in transmural pressure. This
response is critically important for the development of resting
vascular tone, upon which other control mechanisms exert vasodilator
and vasoconstrictor influences. The purpose of this review is to
summarize and synthesize information regarding the cellular
mechanism(s) underlying the myogenic response in blood vessels, with
particular emphasis on arterioles. When necessary, experiments
performed on larger blood vessels, visceral smooth muscle, and even
striated muscle are cited. Mechanical aspects of myogenic behavior are discussed first, followed by electromechanical coupling mechanisms. Next, mechanotransduction by membrane-bound enzymes and involvement of second messengers, including calcium, are discussed. After this, the
roles of the extracellular matrix, integrins, and the smooth muscle
cytoskeleton are reviewed, with emphasis on short-term signaling
mechanisms. Finally, suggestions are offered for possible future studies.
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