Physiol Rev Email Content Delivery
HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced]


     

Physiol. Rev. 78: 1055-1085, 1998;
0031-9333/98 $15.00
This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Right arrow Citation Map
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by HEUSCH, G.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by HEUSCH, G.

PHYSIOLOGICAL REVIEWS   Vol. 78 No. 4 October 1998, pp. 1055-1085
Copyright ©1998 The American Physiological Society

Hibernating Myocardium

GERD HEUSCH

Department of Pathophysiology, Centre of Internal Medicine, University of Essen, School of Medicine, Essen, Germany

Heusch, Gerd. Hibernating Myocardium. Physiol. Rev. 78: 1055-1085, 1998. --- Decreased myocardial contraction occurs as a consequence of a reduction in blood flow. The concept of hibernation implies a downregulation of contractile function as an adaptation to a reduction in myocardial blood flow that serves to maintain myocardial integrity and viability during persistent ischemia. Unequivocal evidence for this concept exists in scenarios of myocardial ischemia that lasts for several hours, and sustained perfusion-contraction matching, recovery of energy and substrate metabolism, the potential for recruitment of inotropic reserve at the expense of metabolic recovery, and lack of necrosis are established criteria of short-term hibernation. The mechanisms of short-term hibernation, apart from reduced calcium responsiveness, are not clear at present. Experimental studies with chronic coronary stenosis lasting more than several hours have failed to continuously monitor flow and function. Nevertheless, a number of studies in chronic animal models and patients have demonstrated regional myocardial dysfunction at reduced resting blood flow that recovered upon reperfusion, consistent with chronic hibernation. Further studies are required to distinguish chronic hibernation from cumulative stunning. With a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying short-term hibernation, it is hoped that these adaptive responses can be recruited and reinforced to minimize the consequences of acute myocardial ischemia and delay impending infarction. Patients with chronic hibernation must be identified and undergo adequate reperfusion therapy.




This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.Home page
S. Baldwa, M. Rana, J. M. Canty Jr., and J. A. Fallavollita
Comparison of thallium deposition with segmental perfusion in pigs with chronic hibernating myocardium
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, December 1, 2008; 295(6): H2522 - H2529.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Am Coll Cardiol ImgHome page
S. H. Rahimtoola, V. Dilsizian, C. M. Kramer, T. H. Marwick, and J.-L. J. Vanoverschelde
Chronic ischemic left ventricular dysfunction from pathophysiology to imaging and its integration into clinical practice.
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. Img., July 1, 2008; 1(4): 536 - 555.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Pharmacol. Rev.Home page
P. Ferdinandy, R. Schulz, and G. F. Baxter
Interaction of Cardiovascular Risk Factors with Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury, Preconditioning, and Postconditioning
Pharmacol. Rev., December 1, 2007; 59(4): 418 - 458.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 RadiologyHome page
J. C. Wu, F. M. Bengel, and S. S. Gambhir
Cardiovascular Molecular Imaging
Radiology, August 1, 2007; 244(2): 337 - 355.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.Home page
M. D. Banas, S. Baldwa, G. Suzuki, J. M. Canty Jr., and J. A. Fallavollita
Determinants of contractile reserve in viable, chronically dysfunctional myocardium
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, June 1, 2007; 292(6): H2791 - H2797.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Circ. Res.Home page
V. Bito, J. van der Velden, P. Claus, C. Dommke, A. Van Lommel, L. Mortelmans, E. Verbeken, B. Bijnens, G. Stienen, and K. R. Sipido
Reduced Force Generating Capacity in Myocytes From Chronically Ischemic, Hibernating Myocardium
Circ. Res., February 2, 2007; 100(2): 229 - 237.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Am Coll CardiolHome page
E. M. deGoma, R. H. Vagelos, M. B. Fowler, and E. A. Ashley
Emerging Therapies for the Management of Decompensated Heart Failure: From Bench to Bedside
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., December 19, 2006; 48(12): 2397 - 2409.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Circ. Res.Home page
U. Danilczyk and J. M. Penninger
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme II in the Heart and the Kidney
Circ. Res., March 3, 2006; 98(4): 463 - 471.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 RadiologyHome page
L. F. Rodrigues de Avila, J. L. Fernandes, C. E. Rochitte, G. G. Cerri, and J. P. Filho
Perfusion Impairment in Patients with Normal-appearing Coronary Arteries: Identification with Contrast-enhanced MR Imaging
Radiology, December 21, 2005; (2005) 2382041697.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 CirculationHome page
L. Lee, R. Campbell, M. Scheuermann-Freestone, R. Taylor, P. Gunaruwan, L. Williams, H. Ashrafian, J. Horowitz, A. G. Fraser, K. Clarke, et al.
Metabolic Modulation With Perhexiline in Chronic Heart Failure: A Randomized, Controlled Trial of Short-Term Use of a Novel Treatment
Circulation, November 22, 2005; 112(21): 3280 - 3288.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
L. Yan, D. E. Vatner, S.-J. Kim, H. Ge, M. Masurekar, W. H. Massover, G. Yang, Y. Matsui, J. Sadoshima, and S. F. Vatner
Autophagy in chronically ischemic myocardium
PNAS, September 27, 2005; 102(39): 13807 - 13812.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.Home page
C. Waller, T. Engelhorn, K.-H. Hiller, G. Heusch, G. Ertl, W. R. Bauer, and R. Schulz
Impaired resting perfusion in viable myocardium distal to chronic coronary stenosis in rats
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, June 1, 2005; 288(6): H2588 - H2593.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.Home page
G. Heusch, R. Schulz, and S. H. Rahimtoola
Myocardial hibernation: a delicate balance
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, March 1, 2005; 288(3): H984 - H999.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 CirculationHome page
R. S. Decker, M. L. Decker, I. Kulikovskaya, S. Nakamura, D. C. Lee, K. Harris, F. J. Klocke, and S. Winegrad
Myosin-Binding Protein C Phosphorylation, Myofibril Structure, and Contractile Function During Low-Flow Ischemia
Circulation, February 22, 2005; 111(7): 906 - 912.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 HeartHome page
J J Bax, D Poldermans, and E E van der Wall
Evaluation of hibernating myocardium
Heart, November 1, 2004; 90(11): 1239 - 1240.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Circ. Res.Home page
C. Depre, S.-J. Kim, A. S. John, Y. Huang, O. E. Rimoldi, J. R. Pepper, G. D. Dreyfus, V. Gaussin, D. J. Pennell, D. E. Vatner, et al.
Program of Cell Survival Underlying Human and Experimental Hibernating Myocardium
Circ. Res., August 20, 2004; 95(4): 433 - 440.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.Home page
S. Sun, M. H. Weil, W. Tang, T. Kamohara, and K. Klouche
{delta}-Opioid receptor agonist reduces severity of postresuscitation myocardial dysfunction
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, August 1, 2004; 287(2): H969 - H974.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Am Coll CardiolHome page
A. Elsasser, A. M. Vogt, H. Nef, S. Kostin, H. Mollmann, W. Skwara, C. Bode, C. Hamm, and J. Schaper
Human hibernating myocardium is jeopardized by apoptotic and autophagic cell death
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., June 16, 2004; 43(12): 2191 - 2199.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Pathol.Home page
C. Michiels
Physiological and Pathological Responses to Hypoxia
Am. J. Pathol., June 1, 2004; 164(6): 1875 - 1882.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Eur Heart JHome page
S.R. Underwood, J. J Bax, J. v. Dahl, M. Y Henein, A. C van Rossum, E. R Schwarz, J.-L. Vanoverschelde, E. E.v. d. Wall, and W. Wijns
Imaging techniques for the assessment of myocardial hibernation: Report of a Study Group of the European Society of Cardiology
Eur. Heart J., May 2, 2004; 25(10): 815 - 836.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Cardiovasc ResHome page
N. J. Severs, S. R. Coppen, E. Dupont, H.-I Yeh, Y.-S. Ko, and T. Matsushita
Gap junction alterations in human cardiac disease
Cardiovasc Res, May 1, 2004; 62(2): 368 - 377.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Circ. Res.Home page
G. Heusch and K. R. Sipido
Myocardial Hibernation: A Double-Edged Sword
Circ. Res., April 30, 2004; 94(8): 1005 - 1007.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Eur Heart JHome page
L. Lee, J. Horowitz, and M. Frenneaux
Metabolic manipulation in ischaemic heart disease, a novel approach to treatment
Eur. Heart J., April 2, 2004; 25(8): 634 - 641.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Circ. Res.Home page
V. Bito, F. R. Heinzel, F. Weidemann, C. Dommke, J. van der Velden, E. Verbeken, P. Claus, B. Bijnens, I. De Scheerder, G. J.M. Stienen, et al.
Cellular Mechanisms of Contractile Dysfunction in Hibernating Myocardium
Circ. Res., April 2, 2004; 94(6): 794 - 801.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Cardiovasc ResHome page
D. A Gorog, M. Tanno, X. Cao, M. Bellahcene, R. Bassi, A. M.N Kabir, K. Dighe, R. A Quinlan, and M. S Marber
Inhibition of p38 MAPK activity fails to attenuate contractile dysfunction in a mouse model of low-flow ischemia
Cardiovasc Res, January 1, 2004; 61(1): 123 - 131.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.Home page
M. Nahrendorf, K.-H. Hiller, A. Greiser, S. Kohler, T. Neuberger, K. Hu, C. Waller, M. Albrecht, S. Neubauer, A. Haase, et al.
Chronic coronary artery stenosis induces impaired function of remote myocardium: MRI and spectroscopy study in rat
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, December 1, 2003; 285(6): H2712 - H2721.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Circ. Res.Home page
G. G. Neri Serneri, M. Boddi, P. A. Modesti, I. Cecioni, M. Coppo, M. L. Papa, T. Toscano, A. Marullo, and M. Chiavarelli
Immunomediated and Ischemia-Independent Inflammation of Coronary Microvessels in Unstable Angina
Circ. Res., June 27, 2003; 92(12): 1359 - 1366.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.Home page
R. Southworth and P. B. Garlick
Dobutamine responsiveness, PET mismatch, and lack of necrosis in low-flow ischemia: is this hibernation in the isolated rat heart?
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, June 5, 2003; 285(1): H316 - H324.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 SEMIN CARDIOTHORAC VASC ANESTHHome page
E. o. Cosar and C. J. O'Connor
Hibernation, Stunning, and Preconditioning: Historical Perspective, Current Concepts, Clinical Applications, and Future Implications
Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia, June 1, 2003; 7(2): 115 - 140.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 Ann. Thorac. Surg.Home page
R. S. Ronson, J. D. Puskas, V. H. Thourani, D. A. Velez, B. L. Bufkin, J. Glass, R. A. Guyton, and J. Vinten-Johansen
Controlled intermittent asystole cardiac therapy induced by pharmacologically potentiated vagus nerve stimulation in normal and hibernating myocardium
Ann. Thorac. Surg., June 1, 2003; 75(6): 1929 - 1936.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
O. Dewald, N. G. Frangogiannis, M. Zoerlein, G. D. Duerr, C. Klemm, P. Knuefermann, G. Taffet, L. H. Michael, J. D. Crapo, A. Welz, et al.
Development of murine ischemic cardiomyopathy is associated with a transient inflammatory reaction and depends on reactive oxygen species
PNAS, March 4, 2003; 100(5): 2700 - 2705.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Cardiovasc ResHome page
P. G Camici and O. E Rimoldi
Myocardial blood flow in patients with hibernating myocardium
Cardiovasc Res, February 1, 2003; 57(2): 302 - 311.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Circ. Res.Home page
J. A. Fallavollita, B. J. Malm, and J. M. Canty Jr
Hibernating Myocardium Retains Metabolic and Contractile Reserve Despite Regional Reductions in Flow, Function, and Oxygen Consumption at Rest
Circ. Res., January 10, 2003; 92(1): 48 - 55.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Circ. Res.Home page
G. Heusch and R. Schulz
Hibernating Myocardium: New Answers, Still More Questions!
Circ. Res., November 15, 2002; 91(10): 863 - 865.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Circ. Res.Home page
S. A. Thomas, J. A. Fallavollita, G. Suzuki, M. Borgers, and J. M. Canty Jr
Dissociation of Regional Adaptations to Ischemia and Global Myolysis in an Accelerated Swine Model of Chronic Hibernating Myocardium
Circ. Res., November 15, 2002; 91(10): 970 - 977.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Cardiovasc ResHome page
J. A. Fallavollita, M. Logue, and J. M. Canty Jr.
Coronary patency and its relation to contractile reserve in hibernating myocardium
Cardiovasc Res, July 1, 2002; 55(1): 131 - 140.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Am Coll CardiolHome page
N. G. Frangogiannis, S. Shimoni, S. Chang, G. Ren, O. Dewald, C. Gersch, K. Shan, C. Aggeli, M. Reardon, G. V. Letsou, et al.
Active interstitial remodeling: an important process in the hibernating human myocardium
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., May 1, 2002; 39(9): 1468 - 1474.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Am Coll CardiolHome page
A. Elsasser, K.-D. Muller, W. Skwara, C. Bode, W. Kubler, and A. M. Vogt
Severe energy deprivation of human hibernating myocardium as possible common pathomechanism of contractile dysfunction, structural degeneration and cell death
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., April 3, 2002; 39(7): 1189 - 1198.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Ann. Thorac. Surg.Home page
K. Hamano, T.-S. Li, T. Kobayashi, K. Hirata, M. Yano, M. Kohno, and M. Matsuzaki
Therapeutic angiogenesis induced by local autologous bone marrow cell implantation
Ann. Thorac. Surg., April 1, 2002; 73(4): 1210 - 1215.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Pathol.Home page
N. G. Frangogiannis, S. Shimoni, S. M. Chang, G. Ren, K. Shan, C. Aggeli, M. J. Reardon, G. V. Letsou, R. Espada, M. Ramchandani, et al.
Evidence for an Active Inflammatory Process in the Hibernating Human Myocardium
Am. J. Pathol., April 1, 2002; 160(4): 1425 - 1433.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Exp. Biol.Home page
R. G. Boutilier
Mechanisms of cell survival in hypoxia and hypothermia
J. Exp. Biol., March 11, 2002; 204(18): 3171 - 3181.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.Home page
L. A. Nikolaidis, T. Hentosz, A. Doverspike, R. Huerbin, C. Stolarski, Y.-T. Shen, and R. P. Shannon
Mechanisms whereby rapid RV pacing causes LV dysfunction: perfusion-contraction matching and NO
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, December 1, 2001; 281(6): H2270 - H2281.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.Home page
R. Schulz, H. Post, T. Neumann, P. Gres, H. Luss, and G. Heusch
Progressive loss of perfusion-contraction matching during sustained moderate ischemia in pigs
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, May 1, 2001; 280(5): H1945 - H1953.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.Home page
R. Schulz, P. Gres, and G. Heusch
Role of endogenous opioids in ischemic preconditioning but not in short-term hibernation in pigs
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, May 1, 2001; 280(5): H2175 - H2181.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
F. J. Giordano, H.-P. Gerber, S.-P. Williams, N. VanBruggen, S. Bunting, P. Ruiz-Lozano, Y. Gu, A. K. Nath, Y. Huang, R. Hickey, et al.
A cardiac myocyte vascular endothelial growth factor paracrine pathway is required to maintain cardiac function
PNAS, April 25, 2001; (2001) 91415198.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.Home page
P. G. Camici and D. P. Dutka
Repetitive stunning, hibernation, and heart failure: contribution of PET to establishing a link
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, March 1, 2001; 280(3): H929 - H936.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Am Coll CardiolHome page
K. Przyklenk and R. A. Kloner
Sildenafil citrate (Viagra) does not exacerbate myocardial ischemia in canine models of coronary artery stenosis
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., January 1, 2001; 37(1): 286 - 292.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.Home page
T. Stumpe and J. Schrader
Short-term hibernation in adult cardiomyocytes is PO2 dependent and Ca2+ mediated
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, January 1, 2001; 280(1): H42 - H50.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Am Coll CardiolHome page
A. Tawakol, H. A. Skopicki, S. A. Abraham, N. M. Alpert, A. J. Fischman, M. H. Picard, and H. Gewirtz
Evidence of reduced resting blood flow in viable myocardial regions with chronic asynergy
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., December 1, 2000; 36(7): 2146 - 2153.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 HeartHome page
R Schulz and G Heusch
Hibernating myocardium
Heart, December 1, 2000; 84(6): 587 - 594.
[Full Text]

Home page
 Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.Home page
H. Dorge, T. Neumann, M. Behrends, A. Skyschally, R. Schulz, C. Kasper, R. Erbel, and G. Heusch
Perfusion-contraction mismatch with coronary microvascular obstruction: role of inflammation
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, December 1, 2000; 279(6): H2587 - H2592.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.Home page
U. Schwanke, A. Deussen, G. Heusch, and J. D. Schipke
Heterogeneity of local myocardial flow and oxidative metabolism
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, September 1, 2000; 279(3): H1029 - H1035.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.Home page
R. Schulz, J. Rose, H. Post, A. Skyschally, and G. Heusch
Less afterload sensitivity in short-term hibernating than in acutely ischemic and stunned myocardium
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, September 1, 2000; 279(3): H1106 - H1110.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Circ. Res.Home page
G. Heusch, H. Post, M. C. Michel, M. Kelm, and R. Schulz
Endogenous Nitric Oxide and Myocardial Adaptation to Ischemia
Circ. Res., July 21, 2000; 87(2): 146 - 152.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Am Coll CardiolHome page
R. Erbel and G. Heusch
Coronary microembolization
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., July 1, 2000; 36(1): 22 - 24.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.Home page
A. J. Sherman, F. J. Klocke, R. S. Decker, M. L. Decker, K. A. Kozlowski, K. R. Harris, S. Hedjbeli, Y. Yaroshenko, S. Nakamura, M. A. Parker, et al.
Myofibrillar disruption in hypocontractile myocardium showing perfusion-contraction matches and mismatches
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, April 1, 2000; 278(4): H1320 - H1334.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Cardiovasc ResHome page
J.W.T Fiolet and A Baartscheer
Cellular calcium homeostasis during ischemia; a thermodynamic approach
Cardiovasc Res, January 1, 2000; 45(1): 100 - 106.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.Home page
J. M. Canty Jr. and J. A. Fallavollita
Resting myocardial flow in hibernating myocardium: validating animal models of human pathophysiology
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, July 1, 1999; 277(1): H417 - H422.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.Home page
K. W. Saupe, F. R. Eberli, J. S. Ingwall, and C. S. Apstein
Hypoperfusion-induced contractile failure does not require changes in cardiac energetics
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, May 1, 1999; 276(5): H1715 - H1723.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
F. J. Giordano, H.-P. Gerber, S.-P. Williams, N. VanBruggen, S. Bunting, P. Ruiz-Lozano, Y. Gu, A. K. Nath, Y. Huang, R. Hickey, et al.
A cardiac myocyte vascular endothelial growth factor paracrine pathway is required to maintain cardiac function
PNAS, May 8, 2001; 98(10): 5780 - 5785.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.Home page
J. A. Fallavollita and J. M. Canty Jr.
Ischemic cardiomyopathy in pigs with two-vessel occlusion and viable, chronically dysfunctional myocardium
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, April 1, 2002; 282(4): H1370 - H1379.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.Home page
E. Barnes, D. P. Dutka, M. Khan, P. G. Camici, and R. J. Hall
Effect of repeated episodes of reversible myocardial ischemia on myocardial blood flow and function in humans
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, May 1, 2002; 282(5): H1603 - H1608.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS
Visit Other APS Journals Online