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Physiol. Rev. 76: 175-191, 1996;
0031-9333/96 $15.00
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Physiological Reviews, Vol 76, 175-191, Copyright © 1996 by American Physiological Society

JOURNAL ARTICLE

Molecular and cellular biology of thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptors

M. C. Gershengorn and R. Osman
Cornell University Medical College, New York, New York, USA.

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) receptor (TRH-R) complementary DNAs have been cloned from several species. The deduced amino acid sequences are compatible with TRH-R being a seven-transmembrane-spanning G protein-coupled receptor. These complementary DNAs and reagents derived from them have permitted detailed study of TRH-R biology at the molecular and cellular levels. Studies that have been performed since 1990 are reviewed in this article under the following headings: TRH-R gene, tissue distribution of TRH-R, primary structure of TRH-Rs, three-dimensional structure of the TRH-R binding pocket, TRH-R and G proteins, TRH-R activation, TRH desensitization, TRH-R endocytosis, and regulation of TRH-R number. It is evident that many new insights into the structure, function, and regulation of TRH-Rs have been gained in the last several years but that our understanding of these processes is incomplete. We look forward to even greater progress in the future.


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